Why Do We Develop Melanin Pigmentation on the Face?
1. Sun Exposure
Exposure to UV radiation triggers the body to produce more pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), which then breaks down into alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). These hormones increase melanin production in the skin. Since UV radiation triggers excess melanin production, daily sunscreen use is crucial. Opt for a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30, and reapply every two hours, especially when outdoors. Wearing protective clothing like hats and sunglasses can also minimize sun damage and prevent further pigmentation.
2. Pregnancy or Hormonal Changes
During pregnancy, there is a shift in hormones in a woman’s body. The body produces more estrogen and progesterone, which, as a result, increases the production of melanin. To manage this production caused by pregnancy or hormonal imbalances, consider using topical treatments like hydroquinone, niacinamide, or azelaic acid under a dermatologist’s guidance. Hormonal therapies or adjusting birth control options can also help, but always consult a doctor before making changes.
3. Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) happens when your skin produces more melanin after an injury or irritation, like a pimple, cut, or rash. When your skin gets inflamed, it triggers certain chemicals that signal the melanocytes (the cells responsible for skin color) to kick into overdrive. As a result, extra melanin is created and settles into the skin, คาสิโนออนไลน์ UFABET ฝากถอนรวดเร็ว เริ่มต้นเล่นง่าย leading to those dark spots or patches that can linger long after the irritation is gone. Treating acne or inflammation early can prevent dark spots. For existing PIH, use topical creams containing ingredients like retinoids, Vitamin C, or glycolic acid to speed up skin turnover and fade pigmentation.
4. Genetic Factors
Genetics significantly influence melanin production and skin color. The MC1R gene controls eumelanin, which protects skin from UV rays; variations in this gene lead to different skin tones. The number and distribution of melanocytes also matter lighter skin has clustered melanocytes, while darker skin has individual ones, producing more melanin. Additionally, the tyrosinase enzyme regulates melanin production, making it a key factor in determining skin color. Although you can’t alter your genetics, using consistent skincare practices such as antioxidant-rich serums, exfoliation, and moisturizing can help manage melanin production. A dermatologist can also recommend specialized treatments for more resistant pigmentation.
5. Aging
Age-related pigmentation like liver spots can be addressed with chemical peels, microdermabrasion, or laser therapy to remove the top skin layers and promote new, evenly toned skin. Incorporating retinoids and Vitamin C serums can also help reduce age spots and even out your complexion. Now that you know what melanin is and how it works, let’s know how you can reduce melanin pigmentation on the face to achieve a more even complexion.